As major components of the carbon reserves, NSCs can be remobilized for use and play a fundamental role in plant germination, growth, reproduction, defense and survivorship under stress 1, 2, 3, 8. The NSC pool is the sum of soluble sugars and starch 5, 6, 7. SCs, including lignin, cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectin, are mainly used for the structural growth of plants 4. Our findings provide new insight and a possible rational mechanism explaining the “explosive growth” of Moso bamboo and shed new light on understanding the role of NSCs in the rapid growth of Moso bamboo.Īs the main product of plant photosynthesis, carbohydrates can largely be partitioned into structural carbohydrates (SCs) and non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) according to their roles 1, 2, 3. The trunk contributed the most NSCs to the shoots. During this period, the NSC content of the leaves, branches, trunks and rhizomes of mature bamboos declined by 1.5, 23, 28 and 5 fold, respectively. Approximately 4 months after shoot emergence, this transfer stopped when the leaves of the young bamboos could independently provide enough photoassimilates to meet the carbon demands of the young bamboos. At the same time, attached mature bamboos transferred almost all the NSCs of their leaves, branches and especially trunks and rhizomes to the “explosively growing” shoots via underground rhizomes for the structural growth and metabolism of shoots. The results showed that Moso bamboos rapidly completed their height and diameter growth within 38 days. We investigated the dynamics of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) in shoots and attached mature bamboos over a 20-month period. However, the underlying mechanism for this “explosive growth” remains poorly understood. Moso bamboo can rapidly complete its growth in both height and diameter within only 35–40 days after shoot emergence.
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